There are a number of ways to understand the dynamics of a company/brand and analyze its position within the industry, or industries, in which it is operating, and SWOT analysis (i.e., Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) is one of them.
PESTLE, or PEST, analysis (i.e., Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental) is a macro approach to industry analysis focused primarily on external factors. PESTLE is essentially a reframing, or perhaps an expansion, of the Opportunities and Threats part of SWOT.